You might try the UTM.app from the App Store (or build it), disable Qemu and enable Apple Silicon hypervisor, which i explain in the comment below, for very similar context and reason.
That would fix the partscan thing I'm guessing, but it introduces its own issues, and still doesn't give me the abilities that Linux on bare metal does.
I've had tonnes of issues passing through USB devices to UTM. There are SBCs I'm working with which appear as one kind of USB device, then a flashing tool sends a command which makes the SBC disappear and re-appear as another kind of USB device, which the flashing tool then writes an image to. I have gotten it to work in UTM a few times, but it's very janky every time.
having written a usb driver myself while at apple, i wonder if it's the devices, but of course could be the utm wrapper. good to know though...i was wondering.
You might try the UTM.app from the App Store (or build it), disable Qemu and enable Apple Silicon hypervisor, which i explain in the comment below, for very similar context and reason.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45696676